This review focuses on fiber optic probes for linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy. It aims at providing an overview over contemporary technology and identifying future developments necessary to bring the emerging technology to clinical end users. After a short introduction to linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopic modalities, general design considerations will be discussed and compared to common fiber probe setups. Subsequently, examples for medical applications of fiber optic Raman probes will be given. This section concentrates on probes for linear Raman spectroscopy as these devices are technologically more mature compared to their counterparts based on nonlinear Raman spectroscopy. Finally, the review will include a brief summary on first multimodal fiber optic probes and highlight their potential as a route to boost both technological development of fiber optic probes and their application range in the clinics.