Present and Future of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering

in: ACS Nano (2020)
Langer, Judith; Jimenez de Aberasturi, Dorleta; Aizpurua, Javier; Alvarez-Puebla, Ramón A; Auguié, Baptiste; Baumberg, Jeremy J.; Bell, Steven E.; Bazan, Guillermo C.; Boisen, Anja; Brolo, Alexander; Choo, Jaebum; Cialla-May, Dana; Deckert, Volker; Fabris, Laura; Faulds, Karen; García de Abajo, F. Javier; Goodacre, Royston; Graham, Duncan; Haes, Amanda J.; Haynes, Christy L.; Huck, Christian; Itoh, Tamitake; Käll, Mikael; Kneipp, Janina; Kotov, Nicholas A.; Kuang, Hua; Le Ru, Eric C.; Lee, Hiang Kwee; Li, Jiang-Feng; Ling, Xing Yi; Maier, Stefan A.; Moskovits, Martin; Murakoshi, Kei; Nam, Jwa-Min; Nie, Shuming; Ozaki, Yukihiro; Pastoriza-Santos, Isabel; Pérez-Juste, Jorge; Popp, Jürgen; Pucci, Annemarie; Reich, Stephanie; Ren, Bin; Schatz, George C.; Shegai, Timur; Schlücker, Sebastian; Tay, Li-Lin; Thomas, K. George; Tian, Zhong-Qun; Van Duyne, Richard P.; Vo-Dinh, Tuan; Wang, Yue; Willets, Katherine A.; Xu, Chuanlai; Xu, HonXing; Yamamoto, Yuko S.; Zhao, Bing; Liz-Marzán, Luis M.; Mayerhöfer, Thomas G.; Xu, Yikai
Surface enhanced Raman scattering, or SERS, has a relatively short history. It was accidentally discovered by Fleishmann and co-workers in 1974 during measurements of the Raman scattering of pyridine on rough silver electrodes,1 who ascribed the enhancement to a surface area effect. The phenomenon was identified independently by Jeanmarie and Van Duyne,2 and Albrecht and Creighton3 in 1977, both of whom suggested an enhancement factor of 105-6. The connection with plasmon excitation was made in the third of these papers by connecting the enhancement to a resonance Raman effect involving plasmon excitation that had been suggested somewhat earlier by Philpott.4 Subsequently, the connection of SERS intensities to enhanced fields arising from localized surface plasmons in nanostructured metals was noted by Moskovits.5 Forty five years later, tens of thousands of research papers have been published,6 which discuss in great detail the theory (or theories) behind SERS, the design of a wide variety of (mostly metallic but not only) enhancing substrates, and their implementation in a huge variety of applications. Indeed, SERS has become a research field in its own right, as a source of exciting scientific phenomena, as well as one of the most sensitive analytical techniques currently available. Plenty of excellent review articles have been published on various aspects of SERS and related topics, and even as comprehensive overviews of the technique. There is thus probably no need to carry out an extensive literature review again. However, during the recent 26th International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy (XXVI ICORS, Jeju, Korea, August 26 – 31 2018),7 some of us identified the need to put together a comprehensive perspective to describe the current state of the field and the path that we expect will be followed in the near future. We therefore joined efforts to identify the most active areas of SERS research and development, including basic aspects and new phenomena, materials synthesis and major applications. We also decided to include a section dedicated to other “surface enhanced” techniques, which have seen a significant development in parallel and often profiting from lessons learnt during the optimization of SERS-related methods and materials. The different sections include both basic and state-of-the-art concepts and methods, but consistently attempting to present a view forward, what we can expect during the coming years, in a way that we expect can guide and inspire not only currently active researchers but 8 also new generations of scientists from different disciplines who can get excited about this rich field of research which branches into so many different directions.

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