Impact of drying procedure on the morphology and structure of TiO2 xerogels and the performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (2017)
Rusu, Mihai M.; Wahyuono, Ruri Agung; Fort, Carmen Ioana; Dellith, Andrea; Dellith, Jan; Ignaszak, Anna; Vulpoi, Adriana; Danciu, Virginia; Dietzek, Benjamin; Baia, Lucian
Different morphologies of TiO2 photoelectrodes for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were obtained by using TiO2 gels dried in normal conditions (TiO2amb) and in CO2 atmosphere at high pressure (TiO2press). After a subsequent calcination, the powders were processed as pastes and drop-casted on conductive glass in order to prepare photoanodes for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). N719 commercial dye was used as sensitizer in all the experiments. The structure and morphology of the processed TiO2 materials were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption/desorption measurements. The dye adsorption capacity of the photoanodes was tested using UVVIS absorption spectroscopy. The photovoltaic performances of the DSSC were investigated using current/voltage curves (I/V), open circuit photovoltage decay measurements (OCVD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The conversion efficiency (η) and short circuit density (Jsc) for TiO2amb were 1.90% and 5 mA/cm2 respectively, while the TiO2press cell exhibited a 40% and 50% increase in Jsc and η values respectively. This was correlated with increased dye loading capacities due to a broader distribution of pore size towards the mesopore region.

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